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NR-V2X Mode 2 in ns-3 In 5G NR-V2X, vehicles communicate directly using sidelink. Two modes exist: Mode 1: gNB schedules sidelink resources. Mode 2: UEs autonomously select sidelink resources (no gNB needed). Mode 2 is especially important for vehicular networks (IoV), where cars must exchange safety messages without relying on infrastructure. In ns-3, the NrHelper class is used to: Create UE devices with sidelink PHY/MAC layers. Attach them to Bandwidth Parts (BWPs) and spectrum channels. Configure sidelink attributes such as: SidelinkMode = 2 (autonomous) SidelinkPeriod (resource pool periodicity) SidelinkSubchannelSize (RB grouping)
Modern vehicles are no longer just machines on wheels. Through Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication , they are becoming active participants in intelligent transport systems, enabling safer driving, smoother traffic, and progress toward automation. DSRC: The First Step The earliest V2X technology was Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) , based on IEEE 802.11p. Operating in the 5.9 GHz band , it allowed onboard units (OBUs) in vehicles to exchange safety and infotainment data with roadside units (RSUs) . While DSRC was effective for short-range messaging, it faced limits in coverage, data rate, and quality of service (QoS) . These challenges motivated researchers to explore new solutions. D2D and the Cellular Shift A key breakthrough came with Device-to-Device (D2D) communication , where vehicles exchange information directly without always relying on infrastructure. This reduces latency, eases network congestion, and helps maintain reliability in crow...
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