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Step-by-Step Guide: Installing and Testing ns-3.45 with LTE (LENA) and 5G-LENA (NR) This tutorial explains how to install ns-3.45 on Ubuntu, verify the installation, and test both LTE (LENA) and 5G-LENA (NR) modules. The guide is suitable for students, researchers, and beginners in network simulation. 1️⃣ Install Required Dependencies sudo apt update sudo apt install g++ cmake ninja-build git \ libsqlite3-dev libboost-all-dev \ libgtk-3-dev python3-dev These packages are required for building ns-3 and enabling LTE/NR modules. 2️⃣ Download ns-3.45 (Official Release) cd ~/Downloads wget https://www.nsnam.org/releases/ns-allinone-3.45.tar.bz2 tar -xjf ns-allinone-3.45.tar.bz2 cd ns-3.45 3️⃣ Configure ns-3 ./ns3 configure --enable-examples --enable-tests If configuration succeeds, you should see: -- Configuring done -- Generating done -- Build files have been written to: .../cmake-cache 4️⃣ Build ns-3 ./ns3 build Successful build confirms that cor...
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How to Upload an Android App to Google Play (Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners) Publishing an Android app on the Google Play Store can look complicated at first, but once the workflow is understood, the process becomes straightforward. This guide explains the essential steps required to upload an app and send it for review. Step 1: Prepare Your App Bundle (AAB) Before uploading, ensure the project is ready: Update versionCode (must always increase for every new release) Update versionName (user-visible version) Build a Signed App Bundle (.aab) using: Build → Generate Signed Bundle/APK → Android App Bundle Step 2: Configure Required Permissions If the app uses ads (Google Mobile Ads SDK), ensure the following permission is included in AndroidManifest.xml : <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gms.permission.AD_ID"/> Without this permission, Google Play may block the release if Advertising ID usage is declared. Step ...
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Explanation of Key Innovation Terms Term Meaning Simple Example Cohort A group of people who participate in a program or activity together. Students admitted into a training program in the same year. Prototype An early or trial version of a product created to test an idea. A demo mobile app before final release. Patent A legal protection that gives the inventor exclusive rights to an invention. A registered invention that others cannot copy. Prototype Developed Indicates that a functional or test version of an idea has been created. A working model of a smart device. Prototype Patented Shows that the invention behind the prototype has been legally protected. A patented smart device prototype. Key Takeaway Cohort refers to people. Prototype refers to an early product. Patent refers to legal protection. Prototype developed means it exist...
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Difference Between Copyright and Trademark Copyright and trademark are both forms of intellectual property protection, but they protect different things and serve different purposes. Aspect Copyright Trademark What it protects Original creative works Brand identity Examples Books, blogs, music, videos, photos, software Brand name, logo, slogan, symbol Main purpose Protects the creator’s expression Protects consumers from brand confusion When protection starts Automatically when the work is created When the mark is used in business Registration Optional but recommended Optional but stronger with registration Duration Life of the author + several years Can last forever if renewed Simple Explanation Copyright protects what you create . Trademark protects how your business is identified .
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FU2200A Smart Meter – Teaching Q&A FU2200A Smart Meter – Teaching Q&A Q1: What is the FU2200A smart meter? The FU2200A is a digital multifunction power meter that measures: Voltage, current, and power factor Active and reactive power Harmonics and other power quality metrics It also has Ethernet and RS485 interfaces for connection to SCADA systems, IoT platforms, or energy management systems. 💡 Teaching tip: Think of it as a "smart detective" for electricity — it not only counts usage but also tracks power health and quality. Q2: How is FU2200A different from typical smart meters in Nigeria? While most Nigerian smart meters focus on basic prepaid/postpaid billing, FU2200A adds: Detailed power quality monitoring Historical data logging Connectivity for IoT or smart grid integration Q3: Does the FU2200A have built-in IoT sensors? No. FU2200A does not include embedded IoT sensors like Wi-Fi or NB-IoT modules. Ho...
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Smart Metering with Modbus RTU, Wireless Access, and Blockchain – Q&A Guide Smart Metering with Modbus RTU, Wireless Access, and Blockchain This post explains a practical smart metering architecture using Modbus RTU , Arduino-based controllers , wireless access points , and a blockchain backend . It is written in a Q&A format to support both learning and interview preparation. Q1. What problem does this system aim to solve? The system enables reliable, scalable, and tamper-resistant smart metering. It collects energy consumption data from smart meters and securely stores verified records using a blockchain-based backend. Q2. What role does Modbus RTU play in the system? Modbus RTU is used for local communication between the smart meter and the embedded controller. It allows efficient and deterministic reading of meter values over an RS485 link. Q3. Which device implements Modbus RTU? An Arduino...
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Are Blockchain-Based Smart Metering Systems Already Available? With the growing interest in smart grids, Internet of Things (IoT), and energy transparency, many researchers have explored the use of blockchain technology in smart metering . This article explains what already exists in the literature and where new solutions can still contribute. Q1: Are there existing blockchain-based smart metering systems? Yes. Several studies have proposed blockchain-enabled smart metering architectures to improve billing transparency, data integrity, and privacy protection . Existing research can be grouped into three main areas: Secure smart meter data logging and billing: Blockchain can be used to aggregate meter readings securely and enable dynamic billing while preventing data tampering and fraud [1]. IoT–blockchain smart energy monitoring: Research integrates smart meters, IoT communication, and blockchain to enable scalable and real-time monitoring of energy systems [2]. ...
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